Synthesis Of The Lead Acid Battery - 1113 Words

The lead acid battery generally contains half a dozen lead-acid cells that are connected in series. Each one of the six cells contains a cathode of lead (IV) oxide and an anode of lead. A sulfuric acid solution that is highly acidic (pH as low as 0) provides the solution for each electrode to be immersed in. The electrode reactions are: Anode: Pb(s) + H2SO4(aq) → PbSO4(aq) + 2H+ (aq) + 2e- Cathode: PbO2(s) + H2SO4(aq) + 2H+ (aq) + 2e- → PbSO4(aq) + 2H2O(l) Each cell has a voltage of about 2v, and the combination of 6 within a series gives the structure that is usually used in cars; a typical 12 volt battery. The lead acid cell battery is rechargeable, with electrons being removed from the cathode and being provided to the anode. The reactions can be reversed by an external potential difference being applied that is larger than the potential being produced whilst the battery is being discharged. Because of its ability to do so, the lead accumulator is said to be a storage battery. The recharging equations are as follows: Anode: PbSO4(aq) + 2H+ (aq) + 2e- → Pb(s) + H2SO4(aq) Cathode: PbSO4(aq) + 2H2O(l) → PbO2(s) + H2SO4(aq) + 2H+ (aq) + 2e- As can be observed the higher the concentration of sulfuric acid means a more charge battery. Lead sulfate concentration increases and sulfuric acid concentration falls as the battery discharges. The same principles are used to construct a normal galvanic cell are used to construct each cell. A microporous separator acts asShow MoreRelatedMuscle Strength And Physical Function1451 Words   |  6 Pageson the use of PEF as a measure of sarcopenia and muscle strength is limited III. Physical performance Many tests of physical performance are available, as the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), the usual gait speed, the 6-min walk test and the stair climb power test. 1) Short Physical Performance Battery. The SPPB tests the balance, gait, strength and endurance by examining the individual s ability to stand with the his feet together in side-by-side way, semi-tandem and tandem positionsRead MoreChemical Reactions- Sodium Hydroxide1555 Words   |  7 Pagesreactions- combustion (often called burning), synthesis, decomposition, neutralization, single replacement and double replacement. A combustion reaction is a reaction with oxygen, and heat is evolved (given off). A common example of combustion is Hydrogen +Oxygen= Water Synthesis is a reaction where two or more substances combine to make a compound. An example of a synthesis reaction is Iron + Oxygen = Iron Oxide Decomposition is the opposite of synthesis. It is the breakdown of a compound, usuallyRead MoreCase Study : ÃŽÂ’ -thalassemia1717 Words   |  7 PagesEquator. The thalassemia syndromes are caused by mutations that decrease or abolish the synthesis of the ÃŽ ±- or ÃŽ ²-chains in the adult hemoglobin A tetramer. Individual syndromes are names according to the chain whose synthesis is affected and the severity of the deficiency. This, in ÃŽ ²0-thalassemia, the superscript 0 denotes none of the ÃŽ ²-chain is present; in ÃŽ ²+-thalassemia, the + denotes a partial reduction in the synthesis of the ÃŽ ²-chain. More than 170 different mutations have been identified that causeRead MoreThe Effects Of Nutritional Supplementation On Improving Mobility And Muscular Confinement1015 Words   |  5 Pagesto lose the ability to do tasks that require endurance and strength, which leads to the need for assisted care. Also when elderly/aging people start to lose muscle mass and strength they will be prone to an increased risk of injury. Ingesting supplements such as essential vitamins and amino acids are fundamentally important in reducing the severity of sarcopenia. If the proper amount of nutrients are not taken it may lead to an increase in the onset of sarc openia which increases risk factors forRead MoreThe Clinical Study Done By J. Bauer1013 Words   |  5 Pagesto lose the ability to do tasks that require endurance and strength, which leads to the need for assisted care. Also, when elderly/aging people start to lose muscle mass and strength they will be prone to an increased risk of injury. Ingesting supplements such as essential vitamins and amino acids are fundamentally important in reducing the severity of sarcopenia. If the proper number of nutrients are not taken it may lead to an increase in the onset of sarcopenia which increases risk factors forRead MoreLithium Ion Batteries And Its Effects1738 Words   |  7 PagesLithium ion batteries were introduced commercially during the early 1990’s as the desire for smaller and more lightweight rechargeable batteries grew with the increased demand for the improvement of portable electronic devices (Yoshino, 2012). Prior to this there were commercially available rechargeable b atteries already on the market, predominately in the form of lead-acid (PbA), Nickel-Cadmium (NiC) and Nickel Metal-hydride (NiMH) batteries. The development of the Lithium ion (Li-ion) battery began dueRead MoreMy Career In Energy Technology1302 Words   |  6 Pagesproperties, and mechanisms for the conversion of solar energy to electric energy to produce renewable energy. I was trained in scanning probes, surface chemistry, laser spectroscopy, solar cells measurements, electrochemistry, and nanomaterials synthesis. Later in my doctoral study, dye-sensitized solar technology became the major focus of my research at University of Louisville’s College of Arts and Sciences. According to the International Energy Agency’s 2015 World Energy Outlook, a complete de-carbonizationRead MoreTb Is A Treatable And Curable Disease Essay1438 Words   |  6 Pagesfluoroquinolone; ethionamide or prothionamide; pyrazinamide; and cycloserine or para-aminosalicylic acid. (14)(15) Because of the limitations of the current TB treatment, a new generation of anti-TB agents is required with a focus on shortening treatment duration and reducing treatment-related side effects. At least six new compounds are in Phase II clinical development and others are currently in lead optimization or preclinical testing. The FDA recently approved bedaquiline (TMC207) as a part ofRead MoreEmpirical Formula of Zinc Iodide1863 Words   |  8 PagesFormula of Zinc Iodide Objectives Upon completion of this experiment, students should have learned: 1. The law of conservation of mass. 2. How to calculate an empirical formula. 3. The concept of limiting reagents. Introduction Synthesis and the determination of empirical formulas are two extremely important parts of chemistry. In this experiment, you will synthesize zinc iodide and determine its empirical formula. The molecular formula gives the actual number of atoms of each elementRead MoreChemistry : Water Chemistry And Water Quality4268 Words   |  18 Pagespour down the drain. †¢ Do not dispose in everyday trash. Lesson 15: Acids and Bases and Their Applications. 41a. Sulfuric acid is a strong mineral acid with the molecular formula of H2SO4. Sulfuric acid is soluble in water at all concentrations, weak to strong, and has many industrial applications.   Sufuric acid is considered a basic substance in the chemical industry, and is used in the production of lead-acid batteries in cars and other motor vehicles.   Other applied industrial uses are ore

S.I.P sample Free Essays

As of the mosquito, citronella can really repel it, and it is now proven by scientists. But as of the ants and the flies, we are trying to work on a simple experiment in which it can repel or kill them. Objectives: 1 . We will write a custom essay sample on S.I.P sample or any similar topic only for you Order Now ) We used our classroom as the scenario, and as we all know, there are many ants, flies and mosquitoes in it. And we can’t concentrate in what we are doing because of them. So, we conducted this s. I. P. To make us comfortable in our room without disruptions Just to kill mosquitoes, flies and ants. 2. ) We can also use this in our houses, if there are infestations of mosquitoes, ants or flies. 3. This liquid is not smelly as the others are, so you can breathe well even spraying it. 4. ) Our project only uses organic materials and we don’t use Cuff’s that can destroy our ozone. Significance: Our project might not be the first project to kill mosquitoes, flies and ants, but our only uses organic materials which is not common in making project insecticides. We decided to make this project for us to create our own version of organic insecticides. Our project is important nowadays because almost all of the commodities are now expensive, and we need to use our available resources as an alternative to all. And we chose to create an insecticides. Scope and limitations: alternative of In other insecticides, they can also kill cockroaches and even mice, but we chose not to our members because when we discussed how to conduct the experiment of it, one of suggested that we would be having a hard time catching cockroaches and mice, and we’ve all agreed to this. How to cite S.I.P sample, Papers

Acids and Alkalis Lab Report free essay sample

An acid is a group of chemicals. Acids are positively charged ions, they are liquid and are solutions of pure compounds in water. If you want to know if something is an acid, you can test it by using litmus paper. Acids will turn litmus paper red, whilst alkalis will turn it blue. Alkalis are negatively charged ions and are usually solid. Aim:To find out how much of different acids is needed to neutralize 25mls of sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH). Hypothesis:The strongest alkali will need the smallest amount of an acid to cancel out and the weakest will need more acid. Variables: Control| Independent| Dependent| The indicator, NaOH| H2SO4 HClHNO3| The chemical reaction between the acids and alkali. | Materials / Apparatus: * H2SO4 * HCL * HNO3 * Alkali (NaOH) * Stand * Burette * Beaker * Funnel * Bunsen Burner * Crucible * Phenolphyalein Method: 1. Pour the 25 ml of NaOH into a beaker. 2. Drop three drops of phenolphyalein into the beaker. We will write a custom essay sample on Acids and Alkalis Lab Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 3. The solution will now turn pink. . Through a funnel, pour the acid into the burette. Start dripping a few drops one by one into the beaker. 6. The solution will start getting a lighter shade of pink. 7. Stir the beaker around. 8. Once the solution turns clear, stop adding more acid. 9. Calculate the amount of acid used. 10. Take the solution and pour a bit of it into a crucible. 11. Light the Bunsen burner. 12. The salt solution will turn into salt crystals when it is heated. NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O NaOH + HNO3 = NaNO3 NaOH + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + 2H2O Observations: Alkali| Acid| Moles| Observation| NaOH| HCL| 1 Mole| Took 4 ml to neutralize. No further experiment was made. | NaOH| HCL| 0. 1 Mole| Took 31 ml to neutralize. 2. 30 minutes until pink salt crystals were formed. | NaOH| HNO3| 1 Mole| Took 19. 2 ml to neutralize. 2 minutes until good white salt crystals were formed. | NaOH| H2SO4| 2 Moles| Took 1. 1 ml to neutralize. 2. 15 minutes until rings of white salt were formed. | Analysis: The weakest acid (HCl 0. 1 Mole) needed the most alkali to be made into salt and the strongest (H2SO4 2 Moles) needed the least. Different experiments made different salts. Conclusion: The strongest acid will work faster and you will need less. This is because it is a lot more reactive than the weaker acids and it will want to react much faster with the alkali. Evaluation: In my group, Zuzanna and I were the ones doing the experiment while everyone else observed and took notes on what happened. The first time, we dropped one too many drops of H2SO4 in the alkali so the alkali quickly turned pink again. We had to try it six times before we could get it right because we kept putting too much in or we would forget how much we put in. But after a few tries we finally got it to work and we got the correct solution. Therefore we could finally go on to the next step and heat up the solution. It took our salt around 2 minutes and 15 seconds to heat up, evaporate and leave us with small rings of white salt crystals. Our salt crystals did not turn out as the best, but they were successful.

Learn to Write Outlines for 5-Paragraph Essays

How to Write an Outline for a Five-Paragraph Essay Have you ever cooked some fancy sophisticated dish without even seeing a recipe? If you were born a brilliant cook, you may make it. Otherwise, you likely won’t try to do it without knowing what ingredients to take, and how to mix them together. It’s enough to make one minor mistake, and the whole dish may turn into junk.Essay writing doesn’t differ much from cooking. It’s possible to write a good essay on the first try, but you have to be a great writer to do it. Not only need you to have an interesting idea to share it with your readers, but you also must maintain a logical flow, and present your arguments in a proper order. Without it, your readers may not appreciate even the most unique ideas.To make sure you do everything right, you must have a plan. Thus, most students usually write an outline before writing an essay itself. No matter what your project is, you can determine your key arguments first and draw up a structure of your essay.Sometimes itâ €™s easier to write a long essay than a 5-paragraph one because you need to be concise and informative as well. An outline can help you with it, and we decided to help you write it. Thus, let’s get to it.Define the Structure of Your EssayAs the name suggests, five-paragraph essays consist of five paragraphs. Every paragraph has its particular purpose.An introduction that begins with a hook and presents a thesis statement.First argument supported by evidence.Second argument supported by evidence.Third argument supported by evidence.A conclusion that restates the thesis statement and points to the significance of your arguments and the entire essay.You can draw up the structure of your essay in any way you like — it may be a diagram or a list. There are also some specific programs that allow you to create outlines using various pre-installed tools.Identify Your TopicFirst of all, you must decide what you’re going to write about.   You may get topic assigned by your instructor. In this case, you might also receive detailed instructions on how to write your 5-paragraph essay. If you have an opportunity to choose a topic yourself, we suggest selecting a subject that is really interesting for you, so you can demonstrate your creativity and knowledge.Define Your Point on the TopicYou must have a clear position regarding your topic. Otherwise, your essay will be meaningless. If you’re writing about some controversial issue, you may be either for or against it. No matter what your topic is, your thoughts and arguments must lead readers in a certain direction.A thesis statement is where you express your point. Make it clear and concise. Good thesis statements suggest a concrete solution or motivate readers to take some actions.Support Your PositionGiven that your 5-paragraph essay implies writing three body paragraphs, each of which is devoted to a certain argument, you need to make up three arguments. However, you can’t just sta te something and expect your readers to agree with you. If you want your readers to take your side, you need to support arguments with evidence — these may be facts or quotes from well-known experts.We suggest supporting every argument with three pieces of evidence so that each body paragraph of your essay will repeat the overall structure of the essay. Start each paragraph with an introduction to your argument, provide three pieces of evidence, and then end up with a conclusion, making a transition to the next paragraph.Develop Your HookA hook is the first phrase of your introduction. It should be catchy, grabbing readers’ attention and motivating them to keep reading the essay. We recommend that you get to this part after you wrote your thesis and arguments because otherwise, you won’t have a clear idea of what to introduce and what arguments are the most important for your readers to understand your thesis statement. Don’t forget that the hook should b e brief and intriguing — it may be a quote, an anecdote, or a provocative statement that will motivate your readers to find out what you’re talking about.Write a ConclusionThis part of work won’t cause any problems if you’ve successfully completed all the previous steps. First of all, restate your thesis statement in a different way than you did in the introduction. After this, quickly remind your readers the most important arguments, and point to the significance of your paper. We suggest considering your thesis statement in a broader context so that they will have something to think about after they read your paper.

20 Best Study Playlist Ideas for College Students

20 Best Study Playlist Ideas for College Students Building playlists is more art than science. There’s nearly limitless songs to choose from, with countless others being uploaded by bands and record labels around the globe every month. The internet is awash with different playlist building websites and services like Pandora or Spotify, so let’s start talking about 20 of the best study playlist ideas that can get you started. Enjoy! Idea #1: Consistently Random Conversations Playlist: The joy of playlist building is in the discovery of new music. You can browse other people’s playlists online and spend hours listening to songs you know nothing about, or you can make it a habit to talk with people about their playlists (we all have them) and get direct recommendations. After a while you can have a really random playlist that keeps the creative/memory juices flowing for study. Idea #2: The Healthy Mix Playlist: Try not to stick with one genre of music while you study. Make sure that the energy moves up and down. Quiet at times, but then louder or more upbeat at others. There should be highs and lows. You’ll find that this will make it easier for you to focus and sustain your brain power for longer. Idea #3: Generational Hop Scotch Playlist: Pick songs from the 50s, 60s, 70s, 80s, 90s and 21st century songs and then make sure that the shuffle is awesome or that they’re arranged in a certain way so that you bounce around. This can be especially useful for contemporary history classes/majors! Idea #4: The Wordless Eastern Euro-Trance Playlist: I’ve got two words for you, Paul Oakenfold. If you’re unfamiliar with European Trance, or Lyrical Trance then prepare to experience something with real drive. Paul has hours of content and it’s almost all without exception awesome for study sessions. Idea #5: Opera Creationism Playlist: Choose a language you know nothing about, like say Japanese or Italian, and then build a playlist of symphonic opera songs. Those things will make you think, and they’re really sensual. Idea #6: The Almighty Grouch Playlist: If you’re looking for Hip Hop with something to say, that’s intellectually seductive, then build a playlist of songs from â€Å"The Grouch† and you won’t be disappointed. Idea #7: The Themed Playlist: You could build around an emotion, a certain day of the week or make it seasonal. Picking themes is the easy part, and you’ll be hard-pressed to think of one that hasn’t been tried yet. There are tens of thousands of playlists out there. Idea #8: The Ambient Playlist: Wordless, driving, drifting, pulsing, flowing. Ambient music is really cool. Just make sure that you get some songs with energy or you might fall asleep on your textbook! Idea #9: The Fitness-based Playlist: Studying is the equivalent of a great workout for your mind. Build a mental workout playlist! It’s almost too easy to build playlists for sweating in the gym, why not the library? Idea #10: The Nostalgic Playlist: Take it back to childhood, unless you were raised by wolves or something, but even then you could do an â€Å"Underworld† themed playlist. Go for a â€Å"Werewolf† playlist! The idea is to take yourself into the past where you can feel comfortable and settle into your studies. Idea #11: The Adrenaline Rush Playlist: These playlists should be entirely composed of songs that make you feel like you’re cliff diving. Idea #12: Visions of Greatness Playlist: When you tilt your head, get that misty look in your eyes and picture a time when you’re a true success, what songs come to mind? What songs will people listen to as they visit the many statues of your likeness? Idea #13: The Instrumental Hip Hop Playlist: It’s Hip Hop without the words so there won’t be anything to distract you. Lyrics can be a mental nuisance to some when they’re trying to study. Idea #14: The Meditative State Playlist: There’s a big difference between ambient and meditative songs. Meditative stuff is far calmer, typically sporting some howls of the wind with soothing wave sounds†¦something like that. Again, just try not to fall asleep or into a meditative state while studying for a math exam or reading. Idea #15: Going Full-Acoustic Playlist: Acoustic guitar + great vocals = on the playlist. Make it feel like a campfire session. Idea #16: The Swing Playlist: When was the last time you listened to some quality Swing from the 20s and 30s? Check it out! Idea #17: The International Focus Playlist: Pick a county or a group of regional nations and build a playlist of the top hits they’re sporting. Idea #18: The My Funeral Playlist: What songs would you want to play at your funeral? Or better yet, if you could have a music player installed into your tombstone that would just continue to play on and on at your grave†¦? Hey, it could be solar powered! Idea #19: The Getaway Playlist: Imagine you’re in a car running from the mob, the law or perhaps alien spacecraft. What are the perfect songs for a high speed getaway? Tip: they should help you focus. Idea #20: The When I Was Born Playlist: What were the songs of the day on the day you were born? What about you though, what’s your study playlist look like and why?

An Analysis of the Declaration of Independence

Analysis of the Declaration of Independence By understanding the time frame written in the Declaration of Independence, you can see its impact on the early American people and how they handle this famous sentence. In this article I will explain the basic idea included in the Declaration of Independence, the influence of the declaration on the American Revolutionary War, and the reason why the declaration is considered a radical document. These topics show the premise of the Declaration of Independence and are discussed and analyzed to explain why and how it was written. Analysis of the Declaration of Independence Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence was aimed at releasing colonists from King George's bondage. This document affects the cornerstone of the United States and is one of the most important documents in American history. The Declaration of Independence is the foundation of that country. But what Jefferson and other signers did not think about is this firmness and f irmness ... Do most of us want to know what inspiration for the Declaration of Independence is? Who did influence Thomas Jefferson, one of the great founders, or who created such an important document in American history. To truly understand what affects Thomas Jefferson, you must understand some of the people who motivated him when writing this document. Declaration of Independence - Declaration of Independence In May 1776, the Virginia Treaty of Williamsburg passed a resolution requiring that 13 United States colonies declare that the colonies are free and independent of the British royal family. At the 2nd Continental Congress, the resolution was passed and a committee of five people, led by Thomas Jefferson on 11th June 1776, was established to write the Declaration of Independence. - In his essay Evil and Almighty, Maggie built views that opposed the possibility of the existence of God with the characteristics of the main religion: Christianity, Islam and Judaism. These feature s are completely gentle that God is omnipotent, or evil, be able to stop the kindness of almighty, or want to destroy evil.

Queer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Queer - Essay Example The most common being those of homophobia because the word queer means deviant sexual practices that are frowned upon by the society. It can also mean strange sexual characteristics ranging from being a hamerphrodite to having abnormal genitalia. When an individual is not a heterosexual as the society dictates, then that person is referred to as a queer for being a lesbian or gay. Those people who have changed from being female to being males or vice versa are also regarded as queers by the society. The society we live in chooses to assign the word queer to this group of persons because they do not conform to the accepted gender roles assigned to them by the community. Gender has been divided since time in memorial into two groups. According to Bornstein, â€Å"choice between two of something is not a choice, but rather the opportunity to subscribe to the value system which holds the two presented choices as mutually exclusive alternatives and our choice puts us into the system that perpetuates the binary† (Bornstein 101). Different cultures assert that we belong to either one of the two chosen genders without question. If a person chooses not to belong to any of the two, then they are branded as outcasts. Bornstein wonders if the bi-polar gender system were a group and if its members were following rules that they can neither question nor be capable of challenging making group become more like a cult (Bornstein 103). In this context, gender is made up to look like a club for the privileged where the members, exhibit patterns both structural and behavioral that are common to cults (Bornstein 103). In his book â€Å"The Trouble with the Normal†, Warner says â€Å"even after fifty years of resistance, loathing for queer sex, like loathing for gender non conformity remains powerful†(Warner 48). This illustrates the society’s unwillingness to accept those who do not practice what their culture dictates as normal, especially if they are t o be accepted under consideration of sex only. The lesbian and gay movement in America was expected to shed more light on sexuality, but it did not because according to Warner in his book it shows that even after these â€Å"queer† people declared their sexual orientation to the public, they did not get the reaction they expected from â€Å"straight† people as envisioned. The end to stigmatization that they were used to did not end, but it, in fact, escalated because the abuses and threats now had a defined target (Warner 50). In his book, Warner uses the term queer to stand for the sexual acts that gays and lesbians engage in, it is also used to represent those who are sexually oriented towards homosexuality. Queers are understood to be separate from the other part of the population, and their political rights activist movements advocate that they be considered under the minority or special group category. The society we live in makes it hard for these people to be as similated into the community and be perceived as normal because it needs a group to dominate, have power over and control. Even if, the gays and lesbian movements did not arise, the culture we practice has always had a way of isolating an element in a society that is portrayed as queer so that there can be something for the society to frown upon and discriminate. The culture we live in, designed gender in such a way that it would

The abuse at abu ghraib happened because of basic socio-biological Essay

The abuse at abu ghraib happened because of basic socio-biological drives because humans are naturally prone to treat people who are not considered of their own - Essay Example In the United States who is the self-proclaimed protector of human rights and a country which has a multicultural society, discrimination is still a huge problem within this society. In this country hate crimes are an epidemic and a real solution towards preventing them are currently not viable since the society is not ready to transform itself and truly accept people who are different from the status quo. In 2004 an unfortunate event occurred at Abu Ghraib in which Iraqi prisoners were abused by American soldiers and civilian subcontractors. This paper describes this event and proposes that the reason the abuses at Abu Ghraib occurred is because of the basic social-biological drives of humans which makes them naturally prone to treat people who are not considered of their kind inhumanely. On April 2004 the entire globe learned about serious violation of human rights and abuse that American soldiers committed against Iraqi prisoners stationed in a correctional facility in Iraq called Abu Ghraib. The acts committed by the Americans were truly inhumane and included things such as rape, physical abuse, taking naked pictures of prisoners in extremely revealing positions, urinating on them, and sodomization with batons among other despicable abuses. The story was revealed by the media when insiders in the prison revealed the photographic evidence of the horrific things happening at Abu Ghraib. The person claimed that the army was ready to cover up the event and was going to secretly deal with the matter. The scandal created hysteria throughout America especially within governmental officials. US government officials acknowledge that the event at this prison violated the Geneva Convention which prohibits torture and cruel treatment of war prisoners. The army reported that 2 7 people are accused of being associated with abuses at Abu Ghraid, including 23 soldiers from a military intelligence

Science a boon or a bane Essay Example for Free

Science a boon or a bane Essay In my view, I think that science is a boon as -well- as a bane, science is a world of knowledge. Each and every problem has a solution in science and each and every problem is created by science to our environment and our Eco system. There is a saying that anything over in use is harmful. In the same way science if overused is harmful. Knowledge can be used in a good way and also in a bad way same thing in science it can be used in good way as well as in a bad way. It depend on us how we use it, there are many advantage and disadvantages in it.

Laertes’ Place in Shakespeares Hamlet :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Laertes’ Place in Hamlet      Ã‚  Ã‚   A.C. Bradley depicts the Shakespearean characters of Laertes and Fortinbras in Hamlet as ones who throw into relief the character of the protagonist in Shakespearean Tragedy: Lectures on Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Macbeth:    And secondly, we find among them two, Laertes and Fortinbras, who are evidently designed the throw the character of the hero into relief. Even in the situations there is a curious parallelism; for Fortinbras, like Hamlet, is the son of a king, lately dead, and succeeded by his brother; and Laertes, like Hamlet, has a father slain, and feels bound to avenge him. And with this parallelism in situation there is a strong contrast in character; for both Fortinbras and Laertes possess in abundance the very quality which the hero seems to lack, so that, as we read, we are tempted to exclaim that either of them would have accomplished Hamlet’s task in a day. (94)    The son of Polonius and brother of Ophelia, Laertes must suffer the demise of both father and sister during the course of Hamlet. Helen Gardner, by way of overview, compares Laertes to Hamlet and King Claudius in â€Å"Hamlet and the Tragedy of Revenge†:    Hamlet’s agony of mind and indecision are precisely the things which differentiate him from the smooth, swift plotter Claudius, and from the coarse, unthinking Laertes, ready to â€Å"dare damnation† and cut his enemy’s throat in a churchyard. (222)    Laertes makes his appearance in the drama after Marcellus, Barnardo and Horatio have already seen the Ghost and have trifled with it in an effort to prompt it to communicate with them. Horatio and Marcellus exit the ramparts of Elsinore intending to enlist the aid of Hamlet, who is dejected by the â€Å"o’erhasty marriage† to Hamlet I’s wife less than two month’s after the funeral of Hamlet’s father (Gordon 128). After this scene, Laertes is one of many in attendance at a post-coronation social gathering of the court at Elsinore. Laertes, like Fortinbras a rival of Hamlet (Kermode 1138), comes with his father, Polonius, who manipulates both him and his sister (Boklund 122).G. Wilson Knight says, â€Å"Instinctively the creatures of earth—Laertes, Polonius, Ophelia, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, league themselves with Claudius: they are of his kind† (N. pag.). Claudius insincerely pays tribute to the memory of his own deceased brother, the former king, and then conducts some items of business, for example dispatching Cornelius and Voltemand to Norway to settle the Fortinbras affair.

Leadership reflection Essay

When I think about leadership, I never realized how important it is to critically analyze and reflect on how true or authentic you are as a leader. When I think of myself in a leadership position, at that moment I do not critically analyze how I am performing as a leader. I am caught up in my own world worrying about how people portray me as, are they willing to follow my lead? Am I appropriately dressed for the occasion? or just simply do they like me? I think these are the worries and insecurities that get in the way of me analyzing my true leadership skills. There are also several insecurities that get in the way of me engaging in true, authentic self reflection. One of my major fear/roadblock is trying to be a person I am not; in other words not being true to myself. Trying to live up to an expectation, whether around family or friends, there is a certain pressure or a legacy you are trying to keep that gets in the way of truly reflecting. It doesn’t matter if you have failed or not, it’s that constant reminder or you are trying to convince yourself that you can be that person your family or friends want you to be. I think personal reflection is crucial for leaders. I believe that in order to increase a leader’s competence, leaders have to continuously grow, learn, and reflect. In order to do that, you have to be true to yourself. In high school, I used to teach young children at a Hindi school every Sunday. Being in that environment and seeing how much of a positive impact I have on these young kids inspired me to lead in other aspects in my life. Having the opportunity to shape and mold these children into great role models, really gave me an insight on how important it is to have a role model/leader to look up to. That experience really sparked my interest in becoming a leader. I think being able to directly impact someone’s life for their betterment is empowering. Overall, I think all leaders are committed to make their group, organization, company, etc. a better place. As I begin to speculate what makes me who I am that gets in the way of me exercising my leadership skills effectively, a few things come to mind. The first thing, again, it is my fear of turning or becoming into someone I am not without me realizing. I know in order to be a good leader you need to be a good follower. I fear while following, I follow a person who leads me to be a person that I am unhappy with. I think with that issue also comes a problem with trust. I should trust the person I am following and when I don’t understand, question to understand why things are done a certain way. Like the cadet said,† Some of the most prevalent barriers I notice in myself are: fear, desire for acceptance, desire to make everyone happy, not willing to take risks and previous ideas of what leaders should do and how they should act† are the same barriers that I face being a leader. Along with those, I have a fear of being left out. It is crucial to identify these barriers and be aware of them so you can slowly try to overcome them and not let them get in the way of you being an effective leader. View as multi-pages

The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Sixteen

When Stefan walked by Elena's room again, the daisy was gone, and the subtle scent of her citrusy shampoo lingered in the hal way. No doubt she was out with Meredith and Bonnie, and he could depend upon Meredith to protect her. He wondered if Damon was watching them, if he'd approach Elena. A bitter strand of envy curled in Stefan's stomach. It was hard being the good one sometimes, the one who would abide by the rules, while Damon did whatever he wanted. He leaned back against the door to Elena's room. There was a window across the hal , and as he watched the cold crescent of the moon sailing high in the sky, he thought of his silent room, of the books of economics and philosophy waiting for him. No. He wasn't going back there. He couldn't be with Elena, but he didn't have to be alone. Outside, there was a chil in the air for the first time since school had started; the sultry heat of a Virginia summer was final y giving way to autumn. Stefan hunched his shoulders and tucked his hands into his jeans pockets. Not real y knowing where he was going, Stefan headed off campus. Vague thoughts of hunting in the woods crossed his mind, but he wasn't hungry, just restless, and he turned away from the trail that led that way. Instead he wandered the streets of the smal town around the col ege. There wasn't much to do. There were a few bars hopping with col ege kids and a couple of restaurants, already closed up. Stefan couldn't imagine wanting to press into a hot and crowded bar right now. He wanted to be around people, maybe, but not too many, not too close, not close enough to sense the thrum of blood beneath their skins. When he was unhappy, like tonight, he could feel something hard and dangerous rising up inside him, and he knew he needed to be careful of the monster he carried within him. He turned down another block, listening to the soft pad of his own steps against the sidewalk. Near the end of the street, a faint thud of music came from a dilapidated building whose buzzing neon sign read EDDIE'S BILLIARDS. None of the few cars in the parking lot had a Dalcrest parking sticker. Clearly a townie spot, not a student one. If Stefan hadn't had this burning, angry loneliness inside him, he wouldn't have gone in. He looked like a student – he was a student – and this didn't look like a place that welcomed students. But the ugly thing inside him stirred at the thought of maybe having a reason to throw a punch or two. Inside, it was Welllit but dingy, the air thick and blue with smoke. An old rock song was playing on a jukebox in the corner. Six pool tables sat in the middle of the room, with smal round tables around the sides, and a bar at the far end. Two of the pool tables and a few of the round tables were occupied by locals, who let their eyes drift over him neutral y and then turned away. At the bar, Stefan saw a familiar back, a sleek dark head. Even though he'd been sure Damon would be fol owing Elena, he wasn't surprised to see him. Stefan had reined his Power in, concentrating on his own misery, but he'd always been able to sense his brother. If he had thought about it, he would have known Damon was there. Damon, equal y unsurprised, turned and tipped his glass to Stefan with a wry little grin. Stefan went over to join him. â€Å"Hel o, little brother,† Damon said softly when Stefan sat down. â€Å"Shouldn't you be holed up somewhere, crying over your loss of the lovely Elena?† Stefan sighed and slumped on the barstool. Propping his elbows on the bar, he rested his head on his hands. Suddenly, he was terribly tired. â€Å"Let's not talk about Elena,† he said. â€Å"I don't want to fight with you, Damon.† â€Å"Then don't.† Patting him lightly on the shoulder, Damon was up and out of his seat. â€Å"Let's play some pool.† One thing about living for hundreds of years, Stefan knew, was that you had time to get real y good at things. Versions of bil iards had been around as long as he and Damon had, although he liked the modern version best – he liked the smel of the chalk and the squeak of the leather tip on the cue. Damon's thoughts seemed to be running on the same track. â€Å"Remember when we were kids and we used to play bil iart on the lawns of Father's palazzo?† he asked as he racked up the bal s. â€Å"Different game, though, back then,† Stefan said. â€Å"Go ahead and break.† He could picture it clearly, the two of them fooling around when the adults were al inside, shoving the bal s across the grass toward their targets with the heavy-headed maces, in a game that was a cross between modern pool and croquet. Back in those days, Damon was wild, prone to fights with stable boys and nights prowling the streets, but not yet as angry as he would be by the time they grew into young men. Back then, he let his adoring, more timid younger brother trail after him and have a share in his adventures. Elena was right about one thing, he admitted to himself. He liked hanging out with Damon, being brothers again. When he'd spotted Damon at the bar just now, he'd felt a little lightening of the loneliness he was carrying around with him. Damon was the only person who remembered him as a child, the only person who remembered him alive. Maybe they could be friends, without Katherine or Elena between them for a while. Maybe something good could come out of this. Bil iart, bil iards, or pool, Damon had always liked playing. He was better than Stefan, and, after hundreds of years of practice, Stefan was pretty good. Which was why Stefan was so surprised when Damon's break sent bal s spinning merrily al over the table, but none into the pockets. â€Å"What's up?† he asked, cocking an eyebrow at Damon as he chalked his own cue. I've been watching the locals, Damon said silently. There are a couple of slick hustlers in here. I want to draw them over to us. Hustle them for a change. Come on, Damon added quickly when Stefan hesitated. It's not wrong to hustle hustlers. It's like killing murderers, a public service. Your moral compass is seriously skewed, Stefan shot back at him, but he couldn't keep himself from smiling. What was the harm, real y? â€Å"Two bal in the corner pocket,† he added aloud. He made the shot and sank two more bal s before intentional y scratching and stepping back to let Damon take his turn. They went on like that, playing pretty Wellbut not too Well, careful to look like a couple of cocky col ege kids who knew their way around a pool cue but would be no chal enge to a professional hustler. Damon's pretense of frustration when he missed a shot amused Stefan. Stefan had forgotten, it was fun to be part of Damon's schemes. Stefan won by a couple of bal s, and Damon whipped out a wal et ful of money. â€Å"You got me, man,† he said in a slightly drunken voice that didn't sound quite like his own and held out a twenty. Stefan blinked at him. Take it, Damon thought at him. Something about the set of his jaw reminded Stefan again of the way Damon was when they were children, of the way he lied to their father about his misadventures, confident Stefan would back him up. Damon was trusting him without even thinking about it, Stefan realized. Stefan smiled and slipped it into his back pocket. â€Å"Rack'em up again?† he suggested, and realized he was also pitching his voice a little younger, a little drunker, than he normal y would. They played another game, and Stefan handed the twenty back. â€Å"Another?† he asked. Damon started to rack the bal s, and then his hands slowed. He flicked a glance up at Stefan and then back down at the bal s. â€Å"Listen,† he said, taking a deep breath, â€Å"I'm sorry for what's happening with Elena. If I – † He hesitated. â€Å"I can't just stop feeling the way I do about her, but I didn't mean to make things harder for you. Or for her.† Stefan stared at him. Damon never apologized. Was he serious? â€Å"I – thank you,† he said. Damon looked past him and his mouth twitched into his sudden, bril iant smile. Bait taken, he said silently. So much for the heartfelt brother moment. Two guys were coming toward them. One was short and slight with sandy hair, the other big, bulky, and dark. â€Å"Hi,† the shorter one said. â€Å"We wondered if you guys wanted to play teams, mix it up a little.† His smile was bright and easy, but his eyes were shrewd and watchful. The eyes of a predator. Their names were Jimmy and David, and they were real pros. They kept the games close, waiting until after the third game to suggest raising the stakes to make things a little more interesting. â€Å"A hundred?† Jimmy suggested casual y. â€Å"I can just about do it, if you want.† â€Å"How about more?† Damon said, sounding drunk again. â€Å"Stefan, you stil got that five hundred in your wal et?† Stefan didn't, nowhere near it, but he didn't think he'd need to pay up. He nodded but, at a glance from Damon, played reluctant. â€Å"I don't know, Damon†¦Ã¢â‚¬  he said. â€Å"Don't worry about it,† Damon said expansively. â€Å"Easy money, right?† Jimmy was watching them, his eyes alert. â€Å"Five hundred it is,† he agreed, smiling. â€Å"I'l break,† Damon said, and went into action. After a moment, Stefan rested his pool cue against the wal . He wasn't going to get a chance to shoot, none of them were; Damon was moving with clockwork precision to pocket one bal after another. He wasn't making any effort to hide that he and Stefan had been running a hustle, and Jimmy's and David's faces darkened dangerously as the last few bal s rattled into their pockets. â€Å"Pay up,† Damon demanded sharply, setting down his cue. Jimmy and David were moving toward them, scowling. â€Å"You two think you're real smart, don't you?† David growled. Stefan poised himself on both feet, ready to fight or run, whatever Damon wanted. They wouldn't have any trouble fending off these guys, but with the disappearances and attacks al over campus, he'd rather not cal attention to themselves. Damon, cool and relaxed, gazed at Jimmy and David, his hands open. â€Å"I think you want to pay us the money you owe us,† he said calmly. â€Å"Oh, that's what you think, do you?† Jimmy said sarcastical y. He shifted his grip on his pool cue, and now he was holding it more like a weapon. Damon smiled and unleashed a wave of Power into the room. Even Stefan, who was half expecting it, was chil ed as Damon lifted his human mask for a moment, his black eyes cold and deadly. Jimmy and David staggered backward as if they'd been shoved by invisible hands. â€Å"Okay, don't get upset,† Jimmy said, his voice shaking. David was blinking as if he had been slapped with a wet towel, clearly unsure of what had just happened. Jimmy opened his wal et and counted out five hundred dol ars in fifties into Damon's hand. â€Å"Now it's time for you to go home,† Damon said softly. â€Å"Maybe you don't want to play pool for a while.† Jimmy nodded and didn't seem to be able to stop nodding, his head bobbing like it was on a spring. He and David backed away, moving quickly toward the door. â€Å"Scary,† Stefan commented. There was a hol ow place inside his chest stil , an empty ache of missing Elena, but he felt better than he had since that day she walked out the door alone. Tonight, he realized with a slight shock, he'd had fun with Damon. â€Å"Oh, I'm a terror,† Damon agreed lightly, pocketing al the money. Stefan raised an eyebrow at him. He didn't care about the money, but it was typical of Damon to assume it was his. Damon grinned. â€Å"Come on, little brother, I'l buy you a drink.†

Marketing in the different sectors of tourism The WritePass Journal

Marketing in the different sectors of tourism Introduction Marketing in the different sectors of tourism IntroductionMarket it faces todayReferences Related Introduction Virgin Atlantic is the second largest long haul airline in the UK and it is a popular and well known airline all around the world. It is also the third largest European carrier over the North Atlantic and over the years has rapidly grown and includes destinations in the US, Caribbean, Far East, India and Africa.   virgin-atlantic.com Virgin Atlantic flew its first flight in 1984 after Richard Branson who is the owner announced to the world that a high quality, value for money airline would begin operating within three months.   After 10 years from its launch the airline had flown over 1 million passengers and started bringing up services onboard. It became the first airline to offer individual TVs to their business class passengers. Then In 1992 Richard Branson made a huge investment. He sold his Virgin music store and invested the profits into Virgin Atlantic, improving on an already great service. Within the same year the first super economy service was launched and it then went on to become an award winning Premium Economy.   virgin-atlantic.com/en/gb/allaboutus/ourstory/history.jspaccessed 01/08/2011 at 17:17 In 2003 the Virgin Atlantic’s revolutionary Upper Class Suite was launched; it was the longest and most comfortable flat bed and seat in business class. Then in 2007 Virgin Atlantic went on to launch brand new check in facilities at Heathrow Terminal Three. For the Economy and Premium Economy passengers Zone A became wider and more spacious, enabling passengers to check-in at kiosks in a faster and more stress-free way. For the Upper Class passengers, an Upper Class Wing which offers private security corridor so passengers can speed through the terminal to the Clubhouse quicker than before.virgin-atlantic.com/en/gb/allaboutus/ourstory/history.jspaccessed 01/08/2011 at 17:17 In 2008 virgin Atlantic went on to operate a pioneering bio fuel demonstration with Boeing and engine manufacturer GE Aviation on a 747 between London and Amsterdam. This became the worlds first flight using bio fuel by a commercial airline.   Then In June 2009, Virgin Atlantic celebrated its 25th anniversary with a series of special fares, campaigns and events in the run-up to its birthday, as well as promoting red hot fares to red hot destinations. virgin-atlantic.com/en/gb/allaboutus/ourstory/forstudents.jspaccessed 01/08/2011   at 17:10 I chose virgin Atlantic because I personally have travelled with them on many occasions and I receive the best service any other airline could offer.   Due to its good reputation it appeals to a much wider market as it is a reliable and trusted airline and has a lot to offer its customers. Market it faces today Virgin Atlantic uses a wide range of marketing techniques. It promotes its products and services through a wide range of sources which include direct mail, Television, press, magazines, outdoor posters and taxi sides, all featuring their distinctive logo. nyama.org/mhf98.htm Virgin Atlantic targets specific customers by advertising the comfort and quality of the airline. Their tickets are sold through various sources such as the Internet, travel agents, and direct communication with customers to suit different customer needs. Virgin Atlantic Customer Service Representative, Quick Reference Guide, 2001. Keegan, Warren J Green, Mark S., Global Marketing, 2nd Edition, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Page 40, 2001. To attract more customers Virgin Atlantic has differentiated their product by taking the customers’ expectations one step further through communication with the customer. A prime example can be seen in providing in flight ice cream, something other airlines do not offer. Keegan, Warren J Green, Mark S., Global Marketing, 2nd Edition, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Page 40, 2001. On the aircraft passengers experience spacious setting arrangements, state of the art in-flight entertainment system, and most importantly a high level of customer service. In addition, Virgin Atlantic offers a distinctive upper class service at business class prices. PR News Wire, London, Virgin Atlantic Implements Galileo International, 5 September, 2001. The Virgin Atlantic market is segmented into classes. There is the economy class where passengers are a much broader group, travelling mainly for leisure and are evenly spread across most socio-economic groups, and age ranges. Then there is the Premium economy class where there passengers are split evenly between travelling for business or leisure and most are male, average age 41. Those travelling for business purpose in this class are often doing so because their company operates an economy travel policy. Lastly there is the upper and business class which is the virgin atlantics major target market as they bring in more money. They are predominately travelling on business and are usually male, 35 to 45 years old and earning  £50K plus per annum. safarigraphics.com/salterquest/portfolioPDFs/ws_Virgin_Atlantic_Marketing_Case_Study.pdf accessed 01/08/2011 at 18:20 A virgin Atlantic s criterion for segmenting is: Who buys their product? Who does not buy their product? What need or function does their product serve? What problem does their product solve? What are customers currently buying to satisfy the need or solve the problem for which their product is targeting? What price are they paying for the product they are currently buying? When is their product purchased? Where is their product purchased? Why is their product purchased? Keegan, Warren J Green, Mark S., Global Marketing, 2nd Edition, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Page 40, 2001. safarigraphics.com/salterquest/portfolioPDFs/ws_Virgin_Atlantic_Marketing_Case_Study.pdf With virgin Atlantic there is something for everyone .Examples of how virgin Atlantic markets its segments is by offering value for money products and services to bring in the customers. For upper class passenger, In-flight beauty therapy massages and manicures, Onboard stand-up bar, Personal 10.4 inch video screen, A dedicated sleeping area ,Fast track-priority service through immigration, Sleep service pyjamas, full size pillows, feather duvets and fleece blanket and a Drive Thru check in from the limo etc are al offered within the price. For the premium economy class a Dedicated check-in desk, Priority baggage handling, Flexible ticket no penalty for last minute changes, Comfortable wider seats with up to 6 inches of extra leg room, Seatback video screen, Fast track-priority service through immigration etc is all offered to them. For the premium economy class a Seatback video screen with up to 43 channels of movies, music, and video games, Free amenity kit, Children’s services including K-iD backpacks, TV channels and special meals, Choice of three entrees, including a vegetarian option, Ice cream during movies etc is available to them whilst onboard. Keegan, Warren J Green, Mark S., Global Marketing, 2nd Edition, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Page 40, 2001. Virgin Atlantic Customer Service Representative, Quick Reference Guide, 2001. References virgin-atlantic.com accessed 01/08/2011 at 17:30   virgin-atlantic.com/en/gb/allaboutus/ourstory/history.jspaccessed 01/08/2011 at 17:17 virgin-atlantic.com/en/gb/allaboutus/ourstory/history.jspaccessed 01/08/2011 at 17:17 virgin-atlantic.com/en/gb/allaboutus/ourstory/forstudents.jspaccessed 01/08/2011 at 17:10 nyama.org/mhf98.htm accessed 01/08/2011 at 17:10 safarigraphics.com/salterquest/portfolioPDFs/ws_Virgin_Atlantic_Marketing_Case_Study.pdf accessed 01/08/2011 at 17:10 safarigraphics.com/salterquest/portfolioPDFs/ws_Virgin_Atlantic_Marketing_Case_Study.pdf accessed 01/08/2011 at 17:10 Keegan, Warren J Green, Mark S., Global Marketing, 2nd Edition, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Page 40,2001. PR News Wire, London, Virgin Atlantic Implements Galileo International, 5 September, 2001. Virgin Atlantic Customer Service Representative, Quick Reference Guide, 2001.

200 Villagers Houses Burnt Down Again Near Barrick Gold Mine in Papua Essay - 1

200 Villagers Houses Burnt Down Again Near Barrick Gold Mine in Papua New Guinea - Essay Example Moreover, there have been reported injuries and deaths of small-scale miners close to the mine. Finally, it has also been alleged that the Porgera Joint Venture Mine’s security and associated state police have meted extreme violence on the locals (MiningWatch Canada, 2014). It is expected that such concerns will lead to a drop in share value, especially due to obvious lack of transparency on the part of Porgera Company (MiningWatch Canada, 2014). In such a case, investors would be at risk of losing their money because of misrepresentation and failure by Porgera to disclose critical information, such as their environmental compliance and agreements with local communities. On top of making them an unattractive investment opportunity, it will also harm their reputation, especially in light of conflicts and death in the local community (MiningWatch Canada, 2014). In addition, they could also be liable to huge fines if they are found guilty of environmental permit violations. These issues have raised various ethical concerns about the company, despite creating social and economic benefits for the community via resource revenues and job creation. The company has obviously failed to sufficiently consult and engage the local community, while they have not given accurate information about the impact of their mining. In addition, there are environmental concerns about the safety of the mines, as well as lack of transparency about economic compensation and use of the local’s land. As a result, Porgera has failed to consider the social, environmental, and economic impacts of their activities, which are all important aspects of ethical mining practices. As a competitor, such issues have been avoided, especially as the company is aware that the local community expects to generate substantial improvements in their living standards (Ali, 2013). The company has sought to

Organizational Behavior Terminology and Concepts Essay - 5

Organizational Behavior Terminology and Concepts - Essay Example The study of these components forms the basis of OB. This can be done by taking a systemic approach and treating the organization as a complex unit. Organizational culture  is a concept in the field of  Organizational studies  and  management  which describes the  attitudes, experiences, beliefs and  values  of an  organization. It has been defined as "the specific collection of values and norms that are shared by people and groups in an organization and that control the way they interact with each other and with  stakeholders  outside the organization. As outlined in the OB introduction, these are the principles that dictate the conduct of the individual in the organizational setup and hence it is important to observe the culture of an organization to decide on the favorable or unfavorable environment towards the employees. Diversity relates to the composition of the workforce in an organization according to ethnic, gender, race and other divisions. In the current context where transnational companies have a significant presence around the world, the concept of Diversity in the workplace has assumed importance. According to the law, every organization is supposed to be an equal opportunity employer that means that it cannot discriminate on the basis of race, gender or personal proclivities when hiring applicants. Organizational communication, broadly speaking, is: people working together to achieve individual or collective goals. Any organization is like a complex system in which individuals are guided by a shared vision and hence use communication to achieve their goals and in the process achieve the organizational goals as well. There cannot be a system where the communication channels are clogged or there is lack of communication at different levels and between levels of the hierarchy. The structure of most organizations is such that it allows for communication to be top-down. What is needed is a structure that allows for bottom up